INSIGHT UPSC QUIZ

GS History Modern India
Q.

Consider the following statements:

1. The Aligarh movement was exclusively for the social and educational advancement of the Muslims.

2. The Self-Respect movement advocated Brahminical rituals for marriages among Dravidians.

3. The guiding principle of Satyashodhak Samaj was "Faith on one God."

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct. Syed Ahmad Khan was the first man to start a reform movement among the Muslims. This movement was known as the Aligarh Movement.

  • To Syed Ahmad Khan Quran was the only authentic scripture for Islam and all other Islamic writings are secondary and misnomer.
  • He wanted to provide modern education to the Muslims. For educating the Muslim society, Ahmad Khan established an English Medium School at Ghazipur in 1864. Later on he established 'Vegan Samaj' for translating English books to impart scientific knowledge to the Muslims.
  • To materialize his dream, he established Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh which developed into Aligarh University in 1890, thus, the Aligarh movement was instrumental in spreading western education among the Muslims and developing religious fundamentalism within them.

Statement 2 is incorrect. Self-respect movement advocated marriages without any rituals. The aim of the movement was to expose the Brahminical tyranny and deceptive methods by which they controlled all spheres of Hindu life. E.V.Ramaswamy opposed the Varnashrama policy and encouraged to give secular names to new born babies.

Statement 3 is correct. Jotirao Phule was a well-known social reformer of Maharashtra in the nineteenth century. He worked ceaselessly for education of the women and the Dalits, for upliftment of the underprivileged and the Dalits, for upliftment of the underprivileged and the downtrodden, and for reform of the Indian social structure.

In 1911, the Satya shodhak Samaj published its resolutions comprising three guiding principles:

  1. All human beings are children of one God; hence, they are my brothers and sisters.
  2. Just as one does not need a mediator to meet one’s mother or to please one’s father, similarly one does not need a priest or a guru to pray to God.
  3. I shall educate my sons and daughters. I make this resolution with God as my witness. May God give me the strength to live my life according to these principles.

Thus, Option C is Correct.

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