INSIGHT UPSC QUIZ

GS History Modern India
Q.

With reference to the views of the Swarajist section of the Congress, consider the following statements:

1. They advocated participation of Congress in the legislature.

2. They were opposed to the idea of mass struggle to attain independence.

3. Jawahar Lal Nehru supported the ideas of the Swarajists.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct. Swarajists advocated the revival of the constitutional method of struggle and participation in the elections to the Central Legislative Assembly to be held in 1934. Led this time by Dr. M.A. Ansari, Asaf Ali, Satyamurthy, Bhulabhai Desai and B.C. Roy, the new Swarajists argued that in a period of political apathy and depression, when the Congress was no longer in a position to sustain a mass movement, it was necessary to utilize elections and work in the legislative councils to keep up the political interest and morale of the people.

Statement 2 is incorrect. However, this did not amount, they said, to having faith in the capacity of constitutional politics to achieve freedom. It only meant opening up another political front which would help build up the Congress, organizationally extend its influence, and prepare the people for the next mass struggle.

Statement 3 is incorrect. There were sharp differences between Nehru and the leftists on the one side and proponents of council-entry on the other. To Nehru, the withdrawal of the Civil Disobedience Movement and council-entry or the recourse to constructive programmes represented a 'spiritual defeat' and a surrender of ideals.

Thus, Option A is Correct.

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