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GS History Modern India
Q.

With reference to the Ghadar movement, consider the following statements:

1. The movement was strongly secular.

2. The Ghadar Movement failed to generate an effective and sustained leadership that was capable of integrating the various aspects of the movement.

3. Objective of Ghadarites was the establishment of an Independent Republic of India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation:
  • The movement was strongly secular in nature. Concern with religion was seen as petty and narrow-minded, and unworthy of revolutionaries. Leaders belonging to, different religions and regions were accepted by the movement. Lala Har Dayal was a Hindu, and so were Ram Chandra and many others, Barkatullah was a Muslim and Rash Behari Bose a Hindu and a Bengali. But perhaps much more important, the Ghadarites consciously set out to create a secular consciousness among the Punjabis.
  • Another marked feature of Ghadar ideology was its democratic and egalitarian content. It was clearly stated by the Ghadarites that their objective was the establishment of an independent republic of India.
  • The Ghadar Movement also failed to generate an effective and sustained leadership that was capable of integrating the various aspects of the movement. Har Dayal himself was temperamentally totally unsuited to the role of an organizer; he was a propagandist, an inspirer, an ideologue. Even his ideas did not form a structured whole but remained a shifting amalgam of various theories that attracted him from time to time. Further, his departure from the U.S. at a critical stage left his compatriots floundering. Hence all the statements given are correct.

Thus, Option D is Correct.

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