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GS History Modern India
Q.

With reference to various peasant’s movements during the British period, consider the following statements:

1. The role of Intelligentsia of Bengal was a significant feature of Indigo revolt.

2. The primary cause of Bijolia movement was begari or forced labour.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The Indigo revolt occurred as the european planters forced farmersto grow the indigo in Eastern India, without paying right price. Later got support from the intelligentsia, press, missionaries and Muslims. Din Bandhu Mitra wrote a play ‘Neel Darpan’ to portray the oppression of indigo farmers.

  • Harish Chandra Mukherji, editor of Hindu patriot. published reports on indigo campaign, organized mass meetings etc.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The primary cause of Bijolia movement was different taxes.

  • Bijoliya Kisaan Andolan was a pioneer agrarian movement in the Mewar State in present Udaipur District. The Jagirdar of Bijolia was a Parmar Rajput having 96 villages in his jagir. There were 86 different taxes on peasants against which peasants revolted in 1905. The initial leadership was provided by Sitaram Das.
  • The movement got linked to national movement. Vijay (Bijoy) Singh Pathik and Manik Lal Verma (future Chief Minister of Rajasthan) led a no tax movement in 1916. It was called Bijolia movement. The peasants refused to do begar and held back the taxes. The movement continued through 1920s and spread over to other States of Rajputana.

Thus, Option A is Correct.

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