INSIGHT UPSC QUIZ

GS History Modern India
Q.

Which of the following social reformers contributed to the cause of Widow remarriage?

1. Vishnu Shastri Pandit

2. Jyotiba Phule

3. Karsondas Mulji

4. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Explanation:

All the social reformers:

  • Vishnu Shastri Pandit, Jyotiba Phule, Karsondas Mulji and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagarcontributed to the cause of Widow remarriage.

Knowledge Base

  • Vishnu Shastri Pandit is very active in widow marriage movement. Mahadev GovindRanade and Vishnu Shastri Pandit established the Widow Marriage Association in1861.
  • Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer and writer from Maharashtra. His work extended to many fields including eradication of untouchability and the caste system, women's emancipation and the reform of Hindu family life. In September 1873, Phule, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and people from lower castes.
  • He and his wife, Savitribai Phule, were pioneers of women's education in India. He is most known for his efforts to educate women and the lower castes. He opened the first school for girls in India in August 1848. Karsandas Mulji was an Indian journalist and social reformer. He was born to a family belonging to the Bhatia or trading caste of western India, he was repudiated by his family because of his views on widow remarriage. He became a vernacular schoolmaster and started a weekly paper in Gujarati called The Satya Prakash, in which he attacked what he perceived to be the immoralities of the Maharajas or hereditary high priests of the Vallabhacharya sect of Vaishnavism, to which the Bhatias belong. In a libel suit brought against him in the High Court at Bombay in 1862, he won a victory on the main issue.
  • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was as one of the pillars of Bengal renaissance who managed to continue the social reforms movement that was started by Raja Rammohan Roy in the early 1800s.He was a philosopher, academic educator, writer, translator, printer, publisher, entrepreneur, reformer and philanthropist.
  • Vidyasagar championed the uplift of the status of women in India, particularly in his native Bengal. Unlike some other reformers who sought to set up alternative societies or systems, he sought to transform orthodox Hindu society from within.
  • With support from people like Akshay Kumar Dutta, Vidyasagar introduced the practice of widow remarriages to mainstream Hindu society.

Thus, Option D is Correct.

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